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  1. Home/
  2. Dushyanth Srinivasan/
  3. Week 3 - Pitot tube

Week 3 - Pitot tube

1. Literature Review of Pitot - Static Tube It is a device that measures the stagnation pressure and static pressure of the fluid flow. The devices consists of a tube with two openings. One opening points directly into the fluid flow, while the other opening opens perpendicular to the fluid flow. It is commonly used to…

    • Dushyanth Srinivasan

      updated on 15 Jun 2022

    1. Literature Review of Pitot - Static Tube

    It is a device that measures the stagnation pressure and static pressure of the fluid flow. The devices consists of a tube with two openings. One opening points directly into the fluid flow, while the other opening opens perpendicular to the fluid flow.

    It is commonly used to measure the velocity of fluid in pipes, airplanes, etc.

    The opening pointing into the fluid flow measures the stagnation pressure of the fluid. The opening perpendicular measures the static pressure.

    The static pressure is pressure exerted by the fluid due to its weight (ex: atmospheric pressure), the stagnation pressure is the pressure when the velocity of the fluid is zero.

    At stagnation pressure, the energy of the fluid is entirely due to static pressure and dynamic pressure (pressure exerted by moving fluid)

    Stagnation pressure = static pressure + dynamic pressure

    Pstagnation=Pstatic+PdynamicPstagnation=Pstatic+Pdynamic

    Pstagnation−Pstatic=ρ⋅v22Pstagnation-Pstatic=ρ⋅v22

    In most pitot tubes, the pressure differential is calculated using a pressure transducer or manometer and the velocity is calculated from the following expression:

    v=√2(Pstagnation−Pstatic)ρv=2(Pstagnation-Pstatic)ρ

     Note: Static Pressure is also referred to as Total Pressure.

    2. Create surfaces and fill it separately for Total pressure port and static pressure port as shown below.

    Inlet for total pressure

    Inlet for static pressure

    outlet for total pressure

    outlet for total pressure (outer ring)

    Note: File could not be processed properly since it is a .msh file and not a geometry file.

    3. For the values of velocity given below calculate the total and static pressures and find the error in percentage for velocity.

    Velocity(m/s)

    Gauge Pressure (Pa)

    240

    -2817

    100

    33287

    62

    65780

    Assuming 0 gauge pressure is atmospheric pressure (101325 Pa)

    Static Pressure = Gauge Pressure + Atmospheric Pressure

    Static Pressure = Gauge Pressure + 101325

    Velocity(m/s) Gauge Pressure (Pa) Static Pressure (Pa)
    240 -2817 98508
    100 33287 134612
    62 65780 167105

    Total Pressure = static pressure + dynamic pressure

    Dynamic Pressure = ρ⋅v22ρ⋅v22

    Assuming density for air at 300K as 1.225 kg/m3kg/m3

    Total Pressure = static pressure + 1.225⋅v221.225⋅v22

    Velocity(m/s) Gauge Pressure (Pa) Static Pressure (Pa) Total Pressure (Pa)
    240 -2817 98508 133788
    100 33287 134612 140737
    62 65780 167105 169459.45

    fedgr

    References

    1. Chaos386, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

    2. https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/pitot.html

     

     

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